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Family crest of Shimazu Yoshihisa

Head of the Shimazu clan, leader of Kyushu unification

Shimazu Yoshihisa

島津義久

1533 – death year unknown

Shimazu Yoshihisa was the eldest son of Shimazu Takahisa and is said to have succeeded to the headship around 1566. He proceeded with the pacification of regional powers in Satsuma and Ōsumi, and in 1577 expelled the Itō clan from Hyūga, completing the unification of three provinces—Satsuma, Ōsumi, and Hyūga. In 1578, he achieved a great victory over Ōtomo Sōrin at the Battle of Mimigawa and subsequently pursued the conquest of Kyushu, but in 1587, facing Toyotomi Hideyoshi's campaign to unify Kyushu, he surrendered at Taihei-ji Temple in Sendai. After his surrender, he reportedly ceded the practical management of the domain to his brother Yoshihiro, though it remains a scholarly question whether Yoshihiro formally inherited the headship. In 1604, he moved to Kokubu (present-day Kirishima, Kagoshima Prefecture) where he spent his final years.

Sources 日置市「戦国島津氏をたどる」、鹿児島県立黎明館「島津氏の三州統一」

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7

1560

Month 9

Tensions in Kyushu

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Signs of intensifying territorial struggle between Ōtomo Yoshishige (Sōrin) and Shimazu Yoshihisa.

1570

Autumn

Yoshihisa Shimazu advances the unification of Satsuma

Advanced the unification of Satsuma Province
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Within Satsuma, clans such as the Togo and Iriki-in submitted and unification progressed, while in neighboring Osumi, powerful local lords such as the Kimotsuki still resisted.

1571

Winter

Continued conflict between Shimazu and Ōtomo

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In Kyushu, tensions persisted between Shimazu Yoshihisa and Ōtomo Yoshishige (Sōrin), with struggles for power continuing among regional warlords in the Hyūga and Higo regions.

1573

Winter

Continuing Tensions Between the Shimazu and Ōtomo Clans

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In Kyushu, Shimazu Yoshihisa consolidated his base in southern Kyushu, and the rivalry with Ōtomo Sōrin continued. A tense balance remained in place on the eve of full-scale conflict.

1581

Winter

Shimazu Unification of Southern Kyushu

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Shimazu Yoshihisa consolidates control over Satsuma and Ōsumi, pressuring Hyūga lords and solidifying southern Kyushu power.

1587

Month 3

Kyushu Campaign

Shimazu Yoshihisa — 島津家当主
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Toyotomi Hideyoshi invaded Kyushu after intervention in the Otomo-Shimazu conflict and compelled Shimazu Yoshihisa to submit.

Month 5

Shimazu Yoshihisa Submits to Hideyoshi

Defeated in the Kyushu campaign and surrendered
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Following the Toyotomi advance into Kyushu, Shimazu Yoshihisa submitted to Hideyoshi at Taiheiji in Sendai.

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